Funcionalidad familiar y su relación con el riesgo de consumo de tabaco y sustancias en adolescentes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/s.e.v4i3.103Palabras clave:
Adolescencia, conductas adictivas, funcionalidad familiar, sustancias, tabaco.Resumen
La funcionalidad familiar es un factor relevante frente al riesgo de consumo de tabaco y otras sustancias en adolescentes, especialmente cuando existen conflictos, baja supervisión, comunicación deficiente y limitado apoyo familiar. Este estudio forma parte del proyecto de vinculación con la sociedad “Cuidado comunitario de prevención y atención de conductas adictivas en adolescentes de las tres parroquias urbanas del cantón Jipijapa, año 2026”, tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre la funcionalidad familiar y el riesgo de consumo de tabaco y sustancias en adolescentes. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, retrospectivo y descriptivo-correlacional, mediante revisión de fuentes secundarias, informes técnicos, bases estadísticas e investigaciones publicadas entre 2022 y 2026. Se aplicaron estadística descriptiva, correlación de Spearman, regresión logística multivariable, análisis de componentes principales y curva de características operativas del receptor. Los resultados mostraron una correlación de −0,58 entre funcionalidad familiar y riesgo de consumo; la disfunción familiar incrementó 3,21 veces las posibilidades de riesgo, el modelo alcanzó un área bajo la curva de 0,82 y los componentes principales explicaron 71,6% de la variabilidad. Se determinó que mejores condiciones familiares se asociaron con menor vulnerabilidad al consumo.
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